As for consumption of tobacco products, in our UK sample 73% female and 71% male students had never smoked, which is slightly higher than in the USA where 65% of the surveyed students reported that they never used cigarettes (44). However such levels of UK student non-smokers parallel the levels described in Spanish (67.6%), German (75.5%) and Lithuanian (76%) students who indicated that they never smoked or did so on few particular occasions (41).Conversely, more than a quarter (27% females and 29% males) our sample smoked either daily or occasionally.Perhaps such levels could be due to cigarette use that was initiated among younger adolescents in the early 1990s. These cohorts carried their higher levels of smoking with them through the highschool years and ultimately into college (48).