Their results also showed that students confused the effects of ionizing radiation with other environmental issues like the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect. The fact that students
cannot clearly distinguish between the terms ‘irradiation’ and ‘contamination’ was discovered in the studies done by the workgroups of Eijkelhof et al. (1990), Millar and Jarnail Singh (1996), Millar et al. (1990), who also traced back some of the misconceptions to unclear media reports by analyzing media releases in detail.