) confirmed this by direct observations of both lodging mechanisms during wind tunnel experiments on field grown winter wheat. Berry et al. (2003) stated that the most likely form of lodging depends upon the environment at the time of lodging and during the growth of the crop. For example, wet and weak soil increases the risk of root lodging over the risk of stem lodging, whereas high levels of soil mineral nitrogen increase the risk of stem lodging more than the risk of root lodging.