Substantive attribute sampling may be appropriate in those situations where non- financial data is used by management to calculate or derive a financial amount that is included in the financial information of an entity (e.g. pension census data) and the conclusion achieved from our test is to the appropriateness of the data (i.e. the attribute).
Such data may be provided to an expert engaged by KPMG or included in a model for developing an estimate. Often such situations arise where management develops complex estimates such as pension liabilities, claim reserves, and warranties, among others. In addition, this guidance may be appropriate for compliance testing (e.g. government audits).