Conclusions
Grazing under Pinus caribaea plantations is a management alternative for both foresters and cattle ranchers. With 1600 trees/ha, and without any silvicultural intervention (e.g. thinnings or prunings), grazing can take place in plantations 2.5-8.5yr old. However, grazing is most intense at ages 2.5-6.0 yr. A quadratic model describes the relationship between animal stocking rate and stand age. Reasonably high animal stocking rates (e.g. 0.67 AU/ha/yr) can be managed under pine plantations.