In order to identify the patterns across the three ports, the
key is to analyse the level of stakeholder involvement and the type of environmental projects involved, i.e.
the ‘who’ and ‘what’. Considering various ecological aspects of air and water pollution, energy
consumption and waste treatment during port operations, expansion and hinterland connection, seven
types of projects are studied in focus. The findings are summarized in table 1 and the analysis is discussed
below.