1. Investing in GIS TECHNOLOGY for better Urban futures GeoSpatial Africa Ltd. Providing GIS Consultancy & Capacity buildingPrepared by:Mathenge MweheCEO: GeoSpatial Africa LtdGIS Expert/Urban PlannerLecturer at Maseno Universitymathengemwehe@yahoo.com
2. • Do you feel overwhelmed when making complex, data-driven decisions?• Do you have trouble communicating your insights to key policy-makers, funders, communities and constituents?• How can you find hidden spatial patterns in complicated decision-making scenarios? How can you analyze and visualize large amounts of quantitative data? Geographic Information System (GIS) has the potential to help with all of these crucial and difficult activities.4/10/2012 But ,what is GIS? Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
3. What is GIS? GIS4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
4. Geographic Knowledge Creating Measuring Organizing Holistic Analyzing Comprehensive Modeling Systematic display Analytic Applying Visual Planning Managing Decision making Acting4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
5. GIS therefore is• A computer-based system for the storage, retrieval, manipulation, analysis, and display of geo- referenced spatial data. As a system it consist of; People Software DataApplications GIS Procedures 4/10/2012 Hardware Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
6. Geographic Information Technologies Consist of• Remote Sensing (RS) -Use of satellites or aircraft to capture information (land cover) about the earth’s surface• Global Positioning Systems (GPS) - A system of earth-orbiting satellites which can provide precise (X,Y) Location on the earth’s surface• Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -Systems with capability for input, storage, manipulation/analysis and display of spatial information4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe GPS and RS are sources of input data for a GIS. mathengemwehe@gmail.com
7. From Paper Maps to Digital technology• GIS is based on the active integration of real- world data; – This data is created through various processes: 1. Digitization 2. GPS mapping 3. Scanning 4. Manual entry based on real-world coordinate 5. Coordinate Geometry (map projections) Mathenge Mwehe4/10/2012 mathengemwehe@gmail.com
8. Why is GIS unique...?• GIS integrate Spatial (map data) and their non-spatial (attribute information) into one “system” that allows the user to interact with both aspects simultaneously.• It stores information about the world as a collection of thematic layers that are linked together through geo-referencing.In a GIS, the maps have tablesof data behind them (Spatialdatabases).This means when you combinedifferent maps you combine datato get the information you need. 4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe mathengemwehe@gmail.com
9. Recent Advancement of GIS technologyGoogle Earth Geographic Web Browser4/10/2012 http://earth.google.com/
10. GIS enable urban planners to make a 3D visualization ofurban space for better conception for planning purposes From Google Earth technology 4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe mathengemwehe@gmail.com
11. An aerial view of urban development of Homa Bay town Geo-Modeling of Urban space helps planners to understand complex urban relationship in GIS GIS4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe mathengemwehe@gmail.com
12. GIS Application Areas Examples Illustrating How GIS can be GIS has thousands of Applied Real-world Applications in Urban planning Stafftraining Better Urban Plans and GISadoption4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
13. Poverty Mapping (using Population Census Data in GIS) Extract layers Define and visualize poverty Indicatorsensus data Set thresholds Step 2 Step 1 “Highest poverty” Results ward layers in each indicators Visualize results 4/10/2012 Step 4 Step 3 GIS
14. How can we identify and map deprived residential areasin urban areas?Using high resolution satellite image and census data it is possible to identify and map poverty stricken residential areas within towns. urban poverty analysis Most poor wards 4/10/2012 GIS Mathenge Mwehe mathengemwehe@gmail.com
15. GIS enable us to map water service provision planning For better urban water service delivery4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe Study carried out in Zanzibar slum areas by Mathenge Mwehe (2010)
16. water service provision planning4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe Study carried out in Zanzibar slum areas by Mathenge Mwehe (2010) mathengemwehe@gmail.com
17. GIS applied in spatial plan preparation GARISSA ZONING PLAN4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe mathengemwehe@gmail.com
18. GIS applied in spatial plan preparation BUNGOMA ZONING PLAN4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
19. GIS applied in spatial plan preparation USALAMA SETTLEMENT SCHEME (GARISSA)4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe GIS mathengemwehe@gmail.com
20. What can we do with GIS in urban planning?• Land Use/Zoning Monitoring• Emergency Preparedness Urban Sprawl• Property Tax Assessment• Transportation planning• Mapping Environmental health and justice• Mapping of Urban Growth• Epidemiology/Disease Tracking• Water Quality and Availability• Population Forecast• Identifying vulnerability• Monitoring wells, hazardous waste sites• Mapping access to health care facilities Mathenge Mwehe 4/10/2012 mathengemwehe@gmail.com GIS
21. GIS technology is anindispensable tool inurban planning thatneed to be adopted 4/10/2012 Mathenge Mwehe mathengemwehe@gmail.com GIS
22. …Finally• Over 7,000 Universities Worldwide teach GIS - Maseno University in association with G e o S p a t i a l A f r i c a Lt d is proud to be among them. The earth is the only Source of Survival for humankind It is our Responsibility to take care of it Mathenge Mwehe 4/10/2012 mathengemwehe@gmail.com GIS