Introduction
In recent years, much attention has been paid to
nanomaterials due to novel optical and electronic properties,
which mainly come from the high surface/volume ratio
and the quantum size effect [1]. Among various nanomaterials,
luminescence nanoparticles have attracted considerable
interest due to their potential applications and
necessary to basic science research. Luminescence lifetime,
luminescence quantum efficiency, and concentration
quenching have been found to depend strongly on the
particles size in nanometer range [2,3]. Lately, to understand
their properties well, considerable efforts were paid
to local symmetry of the dopant in nanomaterials,
especially near the surface and the distribution of different
symmetry sites [1]. It has been shown that most results of
research are closely related to synthesis methods.
Gd2O3:Eu3+ has been a promising candidate material
owing to improved luminescent properties and well energy
transfer between Gd3+ and Eu3+ ions [4], many methods,
including sol–gel method [4,5], emulsion method [6], and
precipitation method [7] were used to prepare the
nanosized phosphors. Apart from these methods, combustion
method has been extensively studied and used in the
preparation of nanoparticles, in which glycine was usually
used as a fuel for the combustion reaction [8–10]. However,
the nanoparticles with monoclinic phase structure and
network structure were usually obtained due to higher
combustion temperature [11].
In this paper, the nanocrystalline Gd2O3:Eu3+ powders
with cubic phase were prepared by combustion method, in
which we employed urea as the fuel agent to produce high
temperature and glycol as the dispersing agent, and we
study the structure characterization and luminescent
properties of samples. In addition, the influences of the
IntroductionIn recent years, much attention has been paid tonanomaterials due to novel optical and electronic properties,which mainly come from the high surface/volume ratioand the quantum size effect [1]. Among various nanomaterials,luminescence nanoparticles have attracted considerableinterest due to their potential applications andnecessary to basic science research. Luminescence lifetime,luminescence quantum efficiency, and concentrationquenching have been found to depend strongly on theparticles size in nanometer range [2,3]. Lately, to understandtheir properties well, considerable efforts were paidto local symmetry of the dopant in nanomaterials,especially near the surface and the distribution of differentsymmetry sites [1]. It has been shown that most results ofresearch are closely related to synthesis methods.Gd2O3:Eu3+ has been a promising candidate materialowing to improved luminescent properties and well energytransfer between Gd3+ and Eu3+ ions [4], many methods,including sol–gel method [4,5], emulsion method [6], andprecipitation method [7] were used to prepare thenanosized phosphors. Apart from these methods, combustionmethod has been extensively studied and used in thepreparation of nanoparticles, in which glycine was usuallyused as a fuel for the combustion reaction [8–10]. However,the nanoparticles with monoclinic phase structure andnetwork structure were usually obtained due to highercombustion temperature [11].In this paper, the nanocrystalline Gd2O3:Eu3+ powderswith cubic phase were prepared by combustion method, inwhich we employed urea as the fuel agent to produce hightemperature and glycol as the dispersing agent, and westudy the structure characterization and luminescentproperties of samples. In addition, the influences of the
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