Nurses caring for patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia administer the cooling protocol and assess all body systems, with the goal of preventing complications resulting either from hypothermia or from common sequelae of critical illness, such as immobility, sedation, and mechanical ventilation. A multiple-lumen, pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz) is generally used to monitor core temperature, volume status, cardiac function, central venous pressure, and cardiac output.25 When a Swan-Ganz catheter is not inserted, the preferred means of monitoring the patient's temperature is by esophageal thermometer.30 Bladder or rectal thermometers may be used if an esophageal temperature cannot be obtained; because of their variability, axillary and tympanic thermometers should not be used.30
The cellular metabolic shifts from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism that occur during cardiac arrest elevate serum lactate, so nurses need to monitor levels during all three phases of treatment. Initial serum lactate levels suggest the duration of ischemia (the longer the patient is without circulation, the higher the lactate level), and persistently elevated levels may represent ongoing ischemia.31 Both the initial lactate level and the rate of lactate clearance are associated with patient outcomes.31 Keep in mind that norepinephrine, which can cause vasoconstriction and impair perfusion, may raise lactate levels to some degree.
- See more at: http://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/CEArticle?an=00000446-201207000-00024&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=1367806#sthash.Vi0Q8jVD.dpuf
Nurses caring for patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia administer the cooling protocol and assess all body systems, with the goal of preventing complications resulting either from hypothermia or from common sequelae of critical illness, such as immobility, sedation, and mechanical ventilation. A multiple-lumen, pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz) is generally used to monitor core temperature, volume status, cardiac function, central venous pressure, and cardiac output.25 When a Swan-Ganz catheter is not inserted, the preferred means of monitoring the patient's temperature is by esophageal thermometer.30 Bladder or rectal thermometers may be used if an esophageal temperature cannot be obtained; because of their variability, axillary and tympanic thermometers should not be used.30
The cellular metabolic shifts from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism that occur during cardiac arrest elevate serum lactate, so nurses need to monitor levels during all three phases of treatment. Initial serum lactate levels suggest the duration of ischemia (the longer the patient is without circulation, the higher the lactate level), and persistently elevated levels may represent ongoing ischemia.31 Both the initial lactate level and the rate of lactate clearance are associated with patient outcomes.31 Keep in mind that norepinephrine, which can cause vasoconstriction and impair perfusion, may raise lactate levels to some degree.
- See more at: http://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/CEArticle?an=00000446-201207000-00024&Journal_ID=54030&Issue_ID=1367806#sthash.Vi0Q8jVD.dpuf
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