Pyrolysis conditions
In the fluidized-bed reactor, 1000 g of Emery [Al2O3, (NANKO
ABRASIVES, Japan)] with a mean particle size of 40 lm was used
as the bed material. The experiments were carried out with the
gas velocities above the minimum-bubbling fluidizing velocity
(Umb), which was estimated to be 0.6 cm/s using Geldart and Abrahamsen’s
equation (Abrahamsen and Geldart, 1980). The reactor
system was purged with inert nitrogen gas, which was also used
as the fluidizing medium, for approximately 3 h before the experiments
were started. To decrease the heat loss during the experiments