2.1.1. The formation of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-coA) in cytoplasm
The metabolism flux route on the utilization of carbon dioxide and glucose for the formation of acetyl-coA in microalgae is de- scribed by Yang et al. [25]. It is concluded that glyceraldehyde phosphate (GAP) is a key intermediate both for the two metabo- lism systems. The formation of acetyl-coA in photosynthetic reac- tions, including the light reactions, Calvin cycle and synthesis, is located in chloroplast. GAP is withdrawn from Calvin cycle and ex- ported to cytoplasm for consumption. After the export of GAP from chloroplast to cytoplasm, the flow of carbon is directed to the syn- thesis of sugars or oxidation through the glycolytic pathway to pyruvate. Sugars including sucrose are the major storage products in the cytoplasm of plant cells. Akazawa and Okamoto [26] re- ported that glucose was easy to be stored as starch without prior conversion to GAP and then uptake by the chloroplast which sug- gested starch is the main storage formation for carbon source in Chlorella sp. Therefore, one part of the exogenous glucose was di- rectly converted to starch, and the remainder was oxidized through glycolytic pathway.
2.1.1. The formation of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-coA) in cytoplasm
The metabolism flux route on the utilization of carbon dioxide and glucose for the formation of acetyl-coA in microalgae is de- scribed by Yang et al. [25]. It is concluded that glyceraldehyde phosphate (GAP) is a key intermediate both for the two metabo- lism systems. The formation of acetyl-coA in photosynthetic reac- tions, including the light reactions, Calvin cycle and synthesis, is located in chloroplast. GAP is withdrawn from Calvin cycle and ex- ported to cytoplasm for consumption. After the export of GAP from chloroplast to cytoplasm, the flow of carbon is directed to the syn- thesis of sugars or oxidation through the glycolytic pathway to pyruvate. Sugars including sucrose are the major storage products in the cytoplasm of plant cells. Akazawa and Okamoto [26] re- ported that glucose was easy to be stored as starch without prior conversion to GAP and then uptake by the chloroplast which sug- gested starch is the main storage formation for carbon source in Chlorella sp. Therefore, one part of the exogenous glucose was di- rectly converted to starch, and the remainder was oxidized through glycolytic pathway.
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