Hydrogen is one of the most promising energy carriers for the future of the world due to its tremendous
capability of pollution reduction. Hydrogen utilization is free of toxic gases formation as well as carbon
dioxide (CO2) emission. Hydrogen production can be implemented using a wide variety of resources
including fossil fuels, nuclear energy and renewable and sustainable energy (RSE). Amongst various RSE
resources, biomass has great capacity to be employed for renewable hydrogen production. Hydrogen production
from palm solid residue (PSR) via thermochemical process is a perfect candidate for waste-to-well
strategy in palm oil mills in Malaysia. In this paper, various characteristics of hydrogen production from
thermochemical process of PSR includes pyrolysis and gasification are reviewed. The annual oil palm fruits
production in Malaysia is approximately 100 million tonnes which the solid waste of the fruits is capable
to generate around 1.05 1010 kgH2 (1.26 EJ) via supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process. The
ratio of energy output to energy input of SCWG process of PSR is about 6.56 which demonstrates the
priority of SCWG to transform the energy of PSR into a high energy end product. The high moisture of
PSR which is the most important barrier for its direct combustion, emerges as an advantage in thermochemical
reactions and highly moisturized PSR (even more than 50%) is utilized directly in SCWG without
application of any high cost drying process. Implementation of appropriate strategies could lead Malaysia
to supply about 40% of its annual energy demand by hydrogen yield from SCWG of PSR.