1. Arbitrariness
It is known that the words of a language represent a connection between a group of sounds or from and its meaning. A combination of a meaning and a form connected in this way is called as a linguistic sign. The connection between a linguistic form and its meaning refers to the fact that there is no logical connection between a form and its meaning. For example, the word ‘pen’ has nothing in logical relation with an object.
Arbitrariness is a matter of meaning conventions and conventions differ across languages. In different languages, words with the same meaning can have different from and words that have similar forms can express different meanings.