Z. mobilis ATCC 29191 was used as an ethanol-producing strain
in this study. The culture medium contained the following components
(g/L): yeast extract, 10; KH2PO4, 2; (NH4)2SO4, 1; MgSO4
7H2O, 0.5; glucose, 20. Z. mobilis was cultured at 30 C for 12 h
and the resulting Z. mobilis cells were immobilized in Ca-alginate
(CA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel beads, as described in the following section.