In this study, the effect of baking conditions and dough formulations on phenolic compounds, antioxidant
capacity and color of cookies made from anthocyanin-rich corn flour were investigated. The control
cookies were prepared from dark-red popping corn, blue popping corn and blue-standard corn flour
according AACC method 10e54 and baked at 200 C for 7 and 10 min. In control corn cookies, the content
of total flavonoids and anthocyanins, as free water-soluble phenolic compounds, was reduced by applied
baking conditions. Our results show that citric acid significantly increased the total flavonoids and anthocyanins
content in the cookies prepared from blue popping corn and blue-standard corn. Compared
with the control cookies baked at 200 C for 7 min, the cookies prepared with 0.5 g/100 g added citric
acid and baked at 150 C for 12 min had higher contents of total flavonoids and anthocyanins by 60 and
70%, respectively. However, as a result of Maillard reaction inhibition at low pH, antioxidant capacity of
anthocyanins-rich blue popping corn and blue standard corn cookies with 0.5 and 1 g/100 g citric acid
was lower by 56 and 39%, respectively, compared to antioxidant capacity of their control cookies baked at
200 C for 10 min.
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
From the market standpoint, attractive and stable color is the
important sensory property of foods. In recent years, the food industry
has been increasingly using various natural colorants of
plant origin that have both coloring and antioxidant properties.
Contrary to the artificial additives, natural colorants have attracted
considerable interest due to their presumed safety, as well as potential
health effects. However, the incorporation of natural colorants
to food systems is a certain challenge due to their low stability
regarding the factors such as light, oxygen, temperature and pH
(Ba˛kowska-Barczak, 2005).
In addition to the carotenoids and betalains, flavonoids/anthocyanins
are the main class of plant pigments
In this study, the effect of baking conditions and dough formulations on phenolic compounds, antioxidantcapacity and color of cookies made from anthocyanin-rich corn flour were investigated. The controlcookies were prepared from dark-red popping corn, blue popping corn and blue-standard corn flouraccording AACC method 10e54 and baked at 200 C for 7 and 10 min. In control corn cookies, the contentof total flavonoids and anthocyanins, as free water-soluble phenolic compounds, was reduced by appliedbaking conditions. Our results show that citric acid significantly increased the total flavonoids and anthocyaninscontent in the cookies prepared from blue popping corn and blue-standard corn. Comparedwith the control cookies baked at 200 C for 7 min, the cookies prepared with 0.5 g/100 g added citricacid and baked at 150 C for 12 min had higher contents of total flavonoids and anthocyanins by 60 and70%, respectively. However, as a result of Maillard reaction inhibition at low pH, antioxidant capacity ofanthocyanins-rich blue popping corn and blue standard corn cookies with 0.5 and 1 g/100 g citric acidwas lower by 56 and 39%, respectively, compared to antioxidant capacity of their control cookies baked at200 C for 10 min.© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.1. IntroductionFrom the market standpoint, attractive and stable color is theimportant sensory property of foods. In recent years, the food industryhas been increasingly using various natural colorants ofplant origin that have both coloring and antioxidant properties.Contrary to the artificial additives, natural colorants have attractedconsiderable interest due to their presumed safety, as well as potentialhealth effects. However, the incorporation of natural colorantsto food systems is a certain challenge due to their low stabilityregarding the factors such as light, oxygen, temperature and pH(Ba˛kowska-Barczak, 2005).In addition to the carotenoids and betalains, flavonoids/anthocyaninsare the main class of plant pigments
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