2.7.2.2.3 Glucan-1,4-α-D-Glucosidase (Amylases are either produced by bacteria or yeasts (Table 2.19) or they belong to the components of malt preparations. The high temperature-resistant bacterial amylases, particularly those of Bac. Licheniformis (Fig. 2.47) are of interest for the hydrolysis of corn starch (gelatinization at 105-110 ºC). The hydrolysis rate of these enzymes can be enhanced further by adding Ca²⁺ ions. α- Amylases added to the wort in the beer production process accelerate starch degradation. These enzymes are also used in in the baking industry (cf. 15.4.1.4.8 ).