The experimental design was completely randomized. Results were expressed as mean ± standard errors (SE) and for continuous variables with normal distribution, data were subjected to analysis of variance and differences between means of shaded and control fruit were determined by t unpaired test, setting significance level at p < 0.05. In the case of gene expression analysis, data were analyzed using the software REST 2009 to determine statistical significance. A pairwise fixed reallocation randomization test was applied.