Depending on the initial total organic carbon (TOC) and alkalinity in the raw water, a certain level of total organic Carbon (TOC) removal is required by the regulations. (See also Section 12.2.4, for additional details.) A higher coagulant dosage than that in a conventional process is recommended if a higher TOC removal is required. Most recently, the applications of enhanced coagulation are no longer limited to TOC removal but also applied to many other impurities. Therefore, the term enhanced coagulations broadly defined as the addition of an excess coagulant dosage for improved removal of such contaminants as normal organic matters (NOMs), color, arsenic, and other heavy metals from the water. As a result, enhanced coagulation is not limited to five destabilization mechanisms described in Section 8.2.2