Reagent setup
The pH of 0.2 M MES solution was adjusted with 1.0 M tris solution to 5.8.
Protoplast medium (PM): prepare 20 mM MES (pH 5.8) containing 0.5 M mannitol, 20 mM KCl, and 10 mM CaCl2.
Enzyme solution: prepare 1% (wt/vol) cellulase Onozuka R-10 and 0.5% (wt/vol) macerozyme R-10 in PM solution. Warm
the solution at 55 C for 10 min to enhance solubility. Cool to room temperature (25 C). Filter the final enzyme solution
through a 0.22-mm syringe filter device into a Petri dish (100 Â 25 mm2 for 10 ml enzyme solution).
Washing and incubation solution (WI) solution: prepare 4 mM MES (pH 5.8) containing 0.5 M mannitol and 20 mM KCl.
FDA stock solution: dissolve 5 mg of FDA in 1 ml acetone, and store in refrigerator.Note: The protoplasts medium (PM) and
the enzyme solution were filter sterilized. The enzyme solution should be freshly prepared.