A total of 110 patients with PD completed the study (Fig 1). Subjects were recruited from the Hong Kong Parkinson’s Disease Association, a patient self-help group, and from Movement Disorders Clinics. Posters were sent to the Association and clinics, and patients were invited to join the study on a voluntary basis. Subjects were included if they were between 40 and 85 years old, had a diagnosis of idiopathic PD according to the UK PD Society Brain Bank Criteria (15), were medically stable, community-dwelling and could independently walk a minimum distance of 7 m, 3 times with or without walking aids. Participants were excluded if they had neurological conditions other than PD; communication deficits or cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination; MMSE < 20) (16); postural hypotension; visual or vestibular dysfunction; or significant cardiovascular or musculoskeletal disorders that affected balance and locomotion. A total of 129 patients volunteered for the study. Of these, 17 were excluded for the reasons stated in Fig. 1. Thus, 112 patients were eligible for the study, but 2 were excluded during the follow-up period due to lost contact. Ethics approval was obtained from ethics committees of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Hospital Authority Hong Kong East Cluster. Informed written consent was provided by all subjects in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
Fig. 1. Flow chart of the selection process of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination.
A total of 110 patients with PD completed the study (Fig 1). Subjects were recruited from the Hong Kong Parkinson’s Disease Association, a patient self-help group, and from Movement Disorders Clinics. Posters were sent to the Association and clinics, and patients were invited to join the study on a voluntary basis. Subjects were included if they were between 40 and 85 years old, had a diagnosis of idiopathic PD according to the UK PD Society Brain Bank Criteria (15), were medically stable, community-dwelling and could independently walk a minimum distance of 7 m, 3 times with or without walking aids. Participants were excluded if they had neurological conditions other than PD; communication deficits or cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination; MMSE < 20) (16); postural hypotension; visual or vestibular dysfunction; or significant cardiovascular or musculoskeletal disorders that affected balance and locomotion. A total of 129 patients volunteered for the study. Of these, 17 were excluded for the reasons stated in Fig. 1. Thus, 112 patients were eligible for the study, but 2 were excluded during the follow-up period due to lost contact. Ethics approval was obtained from ethics committees of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Hospital Authority Hong Kong East Cluster. Informed written consent was provided by all subjects in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.Fig. 1. Flow chart of the selection process of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination.
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