Eccrince glands are the organ responsible for majority of sweat production. It has a sensory and excretory
function and can be stimulated by emotional and thermal stimuli. It produces a clear, colorless and orderless
liquid containing 98-99% water and 1-2 % of other compounds. Underarm wetness come mostly from the
secretory of eccrince glands.
Apocrine glands are apparently a relict from the phylogenetic development of man.These glands start to
produce a milky and viscous fluid on special location of the body, especially the underarm pit. Decomposition
of apocrince sweat consists among of proteins, carbohydrates, ammonium salts and lipid.
Antiperspirants are topically applied products designed to reduce underarm wetness by limiting eccrince
sweat production. Products containing antiperspirant actives have to reduce perspiration to minimum 20% by
50% of the test popuration under validated test condition. Active agents for antiperspiration such as a wide
range of aluminum salt, e.g. aluminum chlorohydrex gly (ZAG) etc.
Deodorants are generally products designed to reduce underarm odor and may allow release of
perspiration. They tend to be less irritating than antiperspirants. Their main ingredients include antimicrobial,
odor counteractants and sometime including astringents.
In this experiment, student will practice the formulation of various forms of deodorant and antiperspirant
products.