Meniere Disease
Meniere disease is an inner ear disorder. It causes attacks of a spinning sensation (vertigo) and ringing in the ear (tinnitus). It also causes hearing loss and a sensation of fullness or pressure in your ear.
Meniere disease is lifelong. It may get worse over time. Symptoms usually begin in one ear but may eventually affect both ears.
CAUSES
Meniere disease is caused by having too much of the fluid that is in your inner ear (endolymph). When endolymph builds up in your inner ear, it affects the nerves that control balance and hearing. The reason for the endolymph buildup is not known. Possible causes include:
Allergy.
An abnormal reaction of the body's defense system (autoimmune disease).
Viral infection of the inner ear.
Head injury.
RISK FACTORS
Age older than 40 years.
Family history of Meniere disease.
History of autoimmune disease.
History of migraine headaches.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Symptoms of Meniere disease can come and go and may last for up to 4 hours at a time. Symptoms usually start in one ear and may become more frequent and eventually involve both ears. Symptoms can include:
Fullness and pressure in your ear.
Roaring or ringing in your ear.
Vertigo and loss of balance.
Decreased hearing.
Nausea and vomiting.
DIAGNOSIS
Your health care provider will perform a physical exam. Tests may be done to confirm a diagnosis of Meniere disease. These tests may include:
A hearing test (audiogram).
An electronystagmogram. This tests your balance nerve (vestibular nerve).
Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI, of your inner ear.
TREATMENT
There is no cure for Meniere disease, but it can be managed. Management may include:
When you experience symptoms, it can be helpful to lie down on a flat surface and focus your eyes on one object that does not move. Try to stay in that position until your symptoms go away.
A diet that may help relieve symptoms of Meniere disease.
Use of medicines to reduce:
Vertigo.
Nausea.
Fluid retention.
Use of an air pressure pulse generator. This is a machine that sends small pressure pulses into your ear canal.
Inner ear surgery (rare).
HOME CARE INSTRUCTIONS
Take medicines only as directed by your health care provider.
Eat the same amount of food at the same time every day, including snacks.
Do not skip meals.
Limit the salt in your diet to 1,000 mg a day.
Avoid caffeine.
Limit alcoholic drinks to one drink a day.
Do not eat foods containing monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Drink enough fluids to keep your urine clear or pale yellow.
Do not use any tobacco products including cigarettes, chewing tobacco, or electronic cigarettes. If you need help quitting, ask your health care provider.
Find ways to reduce or avoid stress.
SEEK MEDICAL CARE IF:
You have symptoms that last longer than 4 hours.
You have new or more severe symptoms.
SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL CARE IF:
You have been vomiting for 24 hours.
You are not able to keep fluids down.
You have chest pain or trouble breathing.
Meniere DiseaseMeniere disease is an inner ear disorder. It causes attacks of a spinning sensation (vertigo) and ringing in the ear (tinnitus). It also causes hearing loss and a sensation of fullness or pressure in your ear.Meniere disease is lifelong. It may get worse over time. Symptoms usually begin in one ear but may eventually affect both ears. CAUSESMeniere disease is caused by having too much of the fluid that is in your inner ear (endolymph). When endolymph builds up in your inner ear, it affects the nerves that control balance and hearing. The reason for the endolymph buildup is not known. Possible causes include:Allergy.An abnormal reaction of the body's defense system (autoimmune disease).Viral infection of the inner ear.Head injury.RISK FACTORSAge older than 40 years.Family history of Meniere disease.History of autoimmune disease.History of migraine headaches.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSSymptoms of Meniere disease can come and go and may last for up to 4 hours at a time. Symptoms usually start in one ear and may become more frequent and eventually involve both ears. Symptoms can include:Fullness and pressure in your ear.Roaring or ringing in your ear.Vertigo and loss of balance.Decreased hearing.Nausea and vomiting.DIAGNOSISYour health care provider will perform a physical exam. Tests may be done to confirm a diagnosis of Meniere disease. These tests may include:A hearing test (audiogram).An electronystagmogram. This tests your balance nerve (vestibular nerve).Imaging studies, such as CT or MRI, of your inner ear.TREATMENTThere is no cure for Meniere disease, but it can be managed. Management may include:When you experience symptoms, it can be helpful to lie down on a flat surface and focus your eyes on one object that does not move. Try to stay in that position until your symptoms go away.A diet that may help relieve symptoms of Meniere disease.Use of medicines to reduce:Vertigo.Nausea.Fluid retention.Use of an air pressure pulse generator. This is a machine that sends small pressure pulses into your ear canal.Inner ear surgery (rare).HOME CARE INSTRUCTIONSTake medicines only as directed by your health care provider.Eat the same amount of food at the same time every day, including snacks.Do not skip meals.Limit the salt in your diet to 1,000 mg a day.Avoid caffeine.Limit alcoholic drinks to one drink a day.Do not eat foods containing monosodium glutamate (MSG).Drink enough fluids to keep your urine clear or pale yellow.Do not use any tobacco products including cigarettes, chewing tobacco, or electronic cigarettes. If you need help quitting, ask your health care provider.Find ways to reduce or avoid stress.SEEK MEDICAL CARE IF:You have symptoms that last longer than 4 hours.You have new or more severe symptoms.SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL CARE IF:You have been vomiting for 24 hours.You are not able to keep fluids down.You have chest pain or trouble breathing.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
