The ACE program requires specially designed and constructed units..... In 1999.., the Hospitalized Elder Life Program (HELP) was introduced; HELP can be implemented in any preexisting hospital environment..... The HELP program was developed by Inouye at Yale University School of Medicine and was first described in the New England Journal of Medicine..... Implementation of the HELP program at other hospitals outside of Yale began in 2001..... HELP is a program that is designed “to maintain physical and cognitive function throughout the hospitalization; to maximize independence at discharge; to assist with the transition from hospital to home; and to prevent unplanned remissions....” The program is composed of multiple interventions that are applied based on individual need.