Terrestrial broadcasting has evolved from analog to digital and there has been a flurry of second
generation digital broadcasting standardization activity worldwide. Consumers have a desire for even higher
definition TV, more content and to be able to reliably receive television programs wherever they are. In the
near future, new and innovative services such as higher definition television (8K/4K), 3D video and multi sub-
channel audio are envisaged. To achieve these desirable new features the physical layer specification must
provide increased spectral efficiency, robustness as well as a high level of flexibility for the broadcaster. Each
new broadcast standard has made progress towards this goal by applying the latest technological advances to
the physical layer.