For fermentation, H. erinaceus powders were added to water in threedifferent concentrations (1.25% w/v, 2.5% w/v, 5% w/v), and initial sugar concentrations were adjusted to 25 Brix. During fermentation, alcohol contents increased from 0% to 16.33e16.87% and the soluble solids contents decreased from 25 Brix to 14.07e14.47 Brix in samples (Fig. 1(a)). The fermentation was stopped when the alcohol content reached higher than 15%, which is the alcohol content of common fruit wines such as muskmelon wine