RESULTS
Applying the initial search strategy identified 1255 citations; we subsequently excluded 242 because of duplication, leaving 1013 potentially relevant studies. Of those, we excluded 991 on the basis of information available from the abstract and title. We obtained the full texts of the remaining 22 articles to assess eligibility. Additionally, we manually examined reference lists and citations for further relevant studies, revealing 7 new full-text articles (n = 29). On examination of the full-text articles, 14 studies did not fulfill inclusion criteria and were subsequently excluded. We (A. O. and S. H. ) achieved a high level of consensus (89%); decisions surrounding the remaining articles were reached in consultation with the senior author (F. N. J). As a result, a further 3 articles were excluded (investigated stress or neuroticism or parental restrictions on foods), thus leaving 12 articles for inclusion in this review. Figure 1 displays a summary of the results of the systematic search. The most common reasons for exclusion were (1) “diet” defined as skipping meals, caloric control, or binge eating; (2) results taken from participants enrolled
in an intervention study, community- or school-based program, or both; (3) study explored the role of stress or well-being as opposed to psychological outcomes; or (4) study investigated the impact of parental practices or attitudes related to provision of food.