1a. Second anal spine short and weak, equals 1 to 1/2 diameter of eye ...................2 1b. second anal spine more or less robust, twice longer than eye to half lenght of head.........4 2a. Lower margin of eye in or below horizontal through commencement of gape of mouth; majority of scales on head and body ciliate; dorsal rays 22-24 ...........Ps.aneus 2b. Eye above to far above horizontal through commencement of gape of mouth; scales on opercles, checks and suborbitals cycloid...........................3