In modern times, hadrah has become one kind of “pop” Islamic music in Indonesia. It entails ritualized moves, such as raising hands in prayer to God, moving back and forth in groups (generally all male), and the playing of percussion. Men playing hadrah typically wear sarongs, since European-style clothes are considered non-Islamic. They also wear “prayer shawls” (often worn for prayer) and Muslim skull caps, and they sing in Arabic. They typically recite the 99 names of God, and sing his praises.In other words, the musical performance references Islamic piety in a way that connotes Arabia.In this context, the movement causes euphoria, but is not considered to be an otherworldly trance.Hadrah most of the time is simply one kind of “Islamic performance.” Sufi performance would look more or less the same, but would be oriented specifically towards actual ritual union with the divine, rather than just praising God.So most of the time the word “hadrah” means Islamic performance in the Middle Eastern tradition, without any suggestion of divine possession.In many Sufi lineages, they wear long smock-like cloaks and high hats, as was traditional in Sufi groups in the Middle East. The spinning of course makes one dizzy, which can induce feelings of closeness to God.