Therefore, this study will test the following three hypotheses about the impact of sibling status on interpersonal orientation. These hypotheses represent the preponderance of previous research or, where lacking, popular thinking:
Only and first horns will have higher self-esteem than later horns.
Only and first borns will have a more internal locus of control than later.borns.
Only children will be lonelier and more self-centered than people who grew up with siblings.
In addition to achievement motivation, level of aspiration is considered a causal element in achievement .
and others have speculated that the reasons first and only borns achieve more than later h.Drns is that these early horns obtain greater education.
Indeed, studies have demonstrated that only and first borns are overrepresented among
college students.
Although the reason for this overabundance is unclear, it is possible that only and first horns have higher educational aspirations than later borns and these aspirations lead them to pursue a higher education.