The timing, intensity, seasonality and so on of rainfall determines the hydrological fate of the rainwater. Even lichens can be significant vegetation components with a capacity to take up rain, dew and water vapour. Due to the open
canopy patterns and large exposed soil surfaces, sediment yield is of especial
importance in drylands. The low vegetation cover makes the soil-vegetationatmosphere transfers complex and land–surface degradation may have atmospheric feedbacks in terms of altering leeward rainfall patterns