2.5. Calculations
The efficiency of BC production was evaluated after 96 h of
cultivation and the, substrate conversion ratio, BC production
rate and BC production yield were calculated, respectively, as
follows: Substrate conversion ratio a (%) ¼ (SiSf)/Si 100
BC production rate rBC (g L1 h1) ¼ mBC/(V.t)
BC production yield YBC/S ¼ (mBC/V)/(SiSf) 100