Advantages of nanoantibiotics
The use of NPs as delivery vehicles for antimicrobial agents suggests a new and promising
model in the design of effective therapeutics against many pathogenic bacteria [35]. Antimi‐
crobial NPs propose several clinical advantages. First, the surface properties of nanoparticles
can be changed for targeted drug delivery for e.g. small molecules, proteins, peptides, and
nucleic acids loaded nanoparticles are not known by immune system and efficiently targeted
to special tissue types [36]. Second, nanocarriers may overcome solubility or stability issues of
the drug and minimize drug-induced side effects [37]. Third, using nanotechnology, it may be
possible to achieve co-delivery of two or more drugs or therapeutic modality for combination
therapy [33]. Fourth, NP-based antimicrobial drug delivery is promising in overcoming
resistance to common antibiotics developed by many pathogenic bacteria [38]. Five, adminis‐
tration of antimicrobial agents using NPs can progress therapeutic index, extend drug
circulation (i.e., extended half-life), and achieve controlled drug release, increasing the overall
pharmacokinetics [30]. Six, the system can be used for several routes of administration
including oral, nasal, parenteral, intra-ocular etc [39]. Thus, antimicrobial NPs are of great
interest as they provide a number of benefits over free antimicrobial agents