However, as can be seen by comparing results in Figs. 2B and 1B for L.monocytogenes, incorporation of EOs or ICs did not increase the lethality of the PEF treatment (p N 0.05). Therefore, similarly to the thermal treatments in Fig. 1,enhancement of the PEF lethality when incorporating EOs or ICs could also be a consequence of the inactivation of sublethally damaged PEFtreated cells.