The mean chemokine concentrations showing a comparison of symptomatic malaria positives (p) and negatives (n) in particular relation to the symptom each pair is identified are presented in Table 3.
For the fever positives, mean CXCL11 level was higher (t = 6.5; p b 0.001) and lower for CCL28 (t = 4.2; p b 0.001). Mean CXCL7 concentration was higher in headache negatives than positives (t = 2.58; p b 0.05), while lower mean level of pallor positives was noted for CXCL5 (t = 2.01; p b 0.05).
Similarly, depressed mean concentrations of CXCL5 (1.67; p = 0.1) and CXCL11 (t = 3.92; p b 0.001) were recorded for mild splenomegaly positives; and in mild hepatomegaly positives, lower mean serum level of CXCL7 was seen (t = 2.04; p b 0.01).
These results should be viewed with caution since some other factors might influence these responses due to the complex nature of the immune system in association with unforeseen internal conditions.