Possible effluent treatment technologies in aquaculture are diverse. The challenge to the designers of aquaculture
systems is to develop systems that maximize production capacity per cost unit of capital invested. To do so, components used in recirculating systems need to be designed and developed to reduce the cost of the unit while maintaining reliability. The bio-flocs technology, the periphyton treatment technique, integrated treatment ponds, fluidized sand biofilters, bead filters, trickling filters and the rotating biological contactors can be considered as good effluent treatment technologies. The bio-flocs technology provides a sustainable method to maintain water quality in
aquaculture systems and moreover concurrently fish feed is produced. Since the purchase of commercially prepared
feed in fish culture has a share of 50% or more in the production costs, an effluent treatment technique that maintains water quality and simultaneously produces in situ fish feed has a large asset over other techniques. Additional research in this field concerning management of the floc production, the floc dynamics in intensive aquaculture systems, the nutritional value of flocs and the health effects of flocs is needed, more specifically the effect on growth and survival of the cultured organisms. Also microbiological aspects need further investigation, particularly the microbiological characterization of the flocs, possible manipulation of the microbial community and presence of pre/probiotic organisms in the microbial community of the flocs are challenging fields of interest.
Possible effluent treatment technologies in aquaculture are diverse. The challenge to the designers of aquaculture
systems is to develop systems that maximize production capacity per cost unit of capital invested. To do so, components used in recirculating systems need to be designed and developed to reduce the cost of the unit while maintaining reliability. The bio-flocs technology, the periphyton treatment technique, integrated treatment ponds, fluidized sand biofilters, bead filters, trickling filters and the rotating biological contactors can be considered as good effluent treatment technologies. The bio-flocs technology provides a sustainable method to maintain water quality in
aquaculture systems and moreover concurrently fish feed is produced. Since the purchase of commercially prepared
feed in fish culture has a share of 50% or more in the production costs, an effluent treatment technique that maintains water quality and simultaneously produces in situ fish feed has a large asset over other techniques. Additional research in this field concerning management of the floc production, the floc dynamics in intensive aquaculture systems, the nutritional value of flocs and the health effects of flocs is needed, more specifically the effect on growth and survival of the cultured organisms. Also microbiological aspects need further investigation, particularly the microbiological characterization of the flocs, possible manipulation of the microbial community and presence of pre/probiotic organisms in the microbial community of the flocs are challenging fields of interest.
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