) reduced
diabetes risk by 46% (compared
with 42% for diet plus exercise and 31%
for diet alone). The Finnish Diabetes Prevention
Study (74,260) and the U.S. Diabetes
Prevention Program (DPP) (149)
included intensive, lifestyle modifications
with both diet and increased PA. In the
former, 522 middle-aged, overweight
adults with IGT completed either lifestyle
modifications of at least 30 min of daily,
moderate PA, or no change in behavior
(74,260). The DPP randomized 3,234
men and women with IGT or IFG into
control, medication (metformin), or lifestyle
modification groups, composed of
dietary and weight loss goals and 150 min
of weekly aerobic activity (149). Lifestyle
modification in both studies reduced incident
diabetes by 58% and, in the DPP,
had a greater effect than metformin
(31%). Weight loss was the dominant
predictor of a lower incidence, but increased
PA reduced risk of type 2 diabetes
even when weight loss goals were not
achieved (104,158,173). PA seems to
play a role in preventing type 2 diabetes
across ethnic groups and in both sexes
) reduceddiabetes risk by 46% (comparedwith 42% for diet plus exercise and 31%for diet alone). The Finnish Diabetes PreventionStudy (74,260) and the U.S. DiabetesPrevention Program (DPP) (149)included intensive, lifestyle modificationswith both diet and increased PA. In theformer, 522 middle-aged, overweightadults with IGT completed either lifestylemodifications of at least 30 min of daily,moderate PA, or no change in behavior(74,260). The DPP randomized 3,234men and women with IGT or IFG intocontrol, medication (metformin), or lifestylemodification groups, composed ofdietary and weight loss goals and 150 minof weekly aerobic activity (149). Lifestylemodification in both studies reduced incidentdiabetes by 58% and, in the DPP,had a greater effect than metformin(31%). Weight loss was the dominantpredictor of a lower incidence, but increasedPA reduced risk of type 2 diabeteseven when weight loss goals were notachieved (104,158,173). PA seems toplay a role in preventing type 2 diabetesacross ethnic groups and in both sexes
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