Objective: To evaluate pre-arrest morbidity score (PAM), prognosis after resuscitation score (PAR) and
to identify additional clinical variables associated with survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA)
treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Methods: A retrospective observational study involving all cases of IHCA at Skåne University Hospital
Malmö 2007–2010.
Results: Two-hundred-eighty-seven cases of IHCA were identified (61.3% male; mean age 70 years) of
whom 20.2% survived until discharge. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for death prior to discharge
was 6.49 (1.50–28.19) (p = 0.013) for PAM > 6 and 3.88 (1.95–7.73) (p < 0.001) for PAR > 4. At
PAM- and PAR-scores >5, specificity exceeded 90%, while sensitivity was only 20–30%. The odds ratio
for in-hospital mortality was 0.38 (0.20–0.72) (p = 0.003) for patients with cardiac monitoring, 9.86
(5.08–19.12) (p < 0.001) for non-shockable vs shockable rhythm, 0.32 (0.15–0.69) (p = 0.004) for presence
of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 0.27 (0.09–0.78) (p = 0.016) for patients with independent
Activities of Daily Life (ADL) and 13.86 (1.86–103.46) (p = 0.010) for patients with malignancies. Heart
rate (HR) on admission (per bpm) [1.024 (1.009–1.040) (p = 0.002)] and sodium plasma concentration
on admission (per mmol l−1) [0.92 (0.85–0.99) (p = 0.023)] were significantly associated with in-hospital
mortality.
Conclusion: PAM- and PAR-scores do not sufficiently discriminate between in-hospital death and survival
after IHCA to be used as clinical tools guiding CPR decisions. We confirm that malignancy is associated
with increased in-hospital mortality, and cardiac monitoring, shockable rhythm, STEMI and independent
ADL, with decreased in-hospital mortality. Interestingly, our results suggest that HR and plasma sodium
concentration upon admission may represent new tools for risk stratification.
Objective: To evaluate pre-arrest morbidity score (PAM), prognosis after resuscitation score (PAR) andto identify additional clinical variables associated with survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA)treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Methods: A retrospective observational study involving all cases of IHCA at Skåne University HospitalMalmö 2007–2010.Results: Two-hundred-eighty-seven cases of IHCA were identified (61.3% male; mean age 70 years) ofwhom 20.2% survived until discharge. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for death prior to dischargewas 6.49 (1.50–28.19) (p = 0.013) for PAM > 6 and 3.88 (1.95–7.73) (p < 0.001) for PAR > 4. AtPAM- and PAR-scores >5, specificity exceeded 90%, while sensitivity was only 20–30%. The odds ratiofor in-hospital mortality was 0.38 (0.20–0.72) (p = 0.003) for patients with cardiac monitoring, 9.86(5.08–19.12) (p < 0.001) for non-shockable vs shockable rhythm, 0.32 (0.15–0.69) (p = 0.004) for presenceof ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 0.27 (0.09–0.78) (p = 0.016) for patients with independentActivities of Daily Life (ADL) and 13.86 (1.86–103.46) (p = 0.010) for patients with malignancies. Heartrate (HR) on admission (per bpm) [1.024 (1.009–1.040) (p = 0.002)] and sodium plasma concentrationon admission (per mmol l−1) [0.92 (0.85–0.99) (p = 0.023)] were significantly associated with in-hospitalmortality.Conclusion: PAM- and PAR-scores do not sufficiently discriminate between in-hospital death and survivalafter IHCA to be used as clinical tools guiding CPR decisions. We confirm that malignancy is associatedwith increased in-hospital mortality, and cardiac monitoring, shockable rhythm, STEMI and independentADL, with decreased in-hospital mortality. Interestingly, our results suggest that HR and plasma sodiumconcentration upon admission may represent new tools for risk stratification.
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