Of course management has always been to some extent an ideological practice promotion appropriate attitudes values and norms as means of motivating and controlling employees. What is new in many recent developments is the not-so-subtle way in which ideological manipulation and control is begin advocated as an essential managerial strategy. There is a certain ideological blindness in much of the writing about corporate culture especially by those who advocate that managers attempt to become folk heroes shaping and reshaping the culture of their organizations. The fact that such manipulation may well be accompanied by resistance resentment and mistrust and that employees may react against being manipulated in this way receives scant attention. There is an important distinction to be drawn between attempts to create networks of shared meaning that link key member of an organization around visions values and codes of practice so essential to the holographic self-organization described in Chapter 4 and the use of culture as a manipulative tool. To the extent that the insights of the culture metaphor are used to create an Orwellian world of "corporate newspeak" where the culture controls rather that expresses human character the metaphor may prove quite manipulative and totalitarian in its influence.