The exclusion criteria included a history of musculoskeletal or neurological disorder precluding exercise; active myocarditis or a history of myocarditis; decompensated heart failure; uncontrolled, severe and/or symptomatic arrhythmia;uncontrolled hypertension; head trauma within last 3 months; advanced cancer; chronic inflammation as reflected by elevated blood inflammatory markers (leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level); and failure to meet any of the inclusion criteria.