Methods
In this quasi experimental study, placentas from
full-term mothers with PP (PP) were obtained
immediately after cesarean section in Imam Ali
Hospital, Zahedan, Iran. The control group included
normal placentas from healthy full-term
mothers with no pregnancy complications who
had been age and gestational age matched with PP
group (n=10). All placentas were delivered by
caesarean sectioning. Mothers with fetal malformations
and chronic diseases, smokers and addicted