The dough development time (DDT) was similar for the control and the 5% replacement level, while it increase clearly at 10% replacement level (Fig. 1); after the increasing replacement of refined flour with the pearled fraction proportionally delayed the DDT. For example, the DDT increased by 2 min compared to the control at 10% replacement level. On the other hand, dough stability did not vary with the increase in pearled fraction (data not shown).