Mathes described the case of a 46-year-old woman
presenting with end-stage renal disease secondary to
polycystic kidney disease, who required large amounts
of crystalloid and blood products.
5
After four hours of
surgery, the arterial blood gas pH was 7.28 and a base
deficit of 9.5 mEq/L – the patient had received 5 L of
sodium chloride 0.9%.