Background: Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is an effective treatment for subjects with systemic allergic reactions (SR)
to Hymenoptera stings, however there are few studies concerning the relevance of the venom specific IgE changes to
decide about VIT cessation. We assessed IgE changes during a 5-year VIT, in patients stung and protected within the
first 3 years (SP 0–3) or in the last 2 years (SP 3–5), and in patients not stung (NoS), to evaluate possible correlations
between IgE changes and clinical protection.
Methods: Yellow jacket venom (YJV) allergic patients who completed 5 years of VIT were retrospectively evaluated.
Baseline IgE levels and after the 3rd and the 5th year of VIT were determined; all patients were asked about field stings
and SRs.
Results: A total of 232 YJV-allergic patients were included and divided into the following groups: 84 NoS, 72 SP 0–3
and 76 SP 3–5. IgE levels decreased during VIT compared to baseline values (χ2 = 346.029, p < 0.001). Recent vespid
stings accounted for significantly higher IgE levels despite clinical protection. IgE levels after 5 years of VIT correlated
significantly with Mueller grade (F = 2.778, p = 0.012) and age (F = 6.672, p = 0.002). During follow-up from 1 to
10 years after VIT discontinuation, 35.2 % of the contacted patients reported at least one field sting without SR.
Conclusions: The yellow jacket-VIT temporal stopping criterion of 5 years duration did not result in undetectable IgE
levels, despite a long-lasting protection. A mean IgE decrease from 58 to 70 % was observed, and it was less marked in
elderly patients or in subjects with higher Mueller grade SR.
Keywords: Hymenoptera venom allergy, Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy, Specific IgE levels, VIT long-lasting
protection, VIT discontinuation
Background: Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is an effective treatment for subjects with systemic allergic reactions (SR)to Hymenoptera stings, however there are few studies concerning the relevance of the venom specific IgE changes todecide about VIT cessation. We assessed IgE changes during a 5-year VIT, in patients stung and protected within thefirst 3 years (SP 0–3) or in the last 2 years (SP 3–5), and in patients not stung (NoS), to evaluate possible correlationsbetween IgE changes and clinical protection.Methods: Yellow jacket venom (YJV) allergic patients who completed 5 years of VIT were retrospectively evaluated.Baseline IgE levels and after the 3rd and the 5th year of VIT were determined; all patients were asked about field stingsand SRs.Results: A total of 232 YJV-allergic patients were included and divided into the following groups: 84 NoS, 72 SP 0–3and 76 SP 3–5. IgE levels decreased during VIT compared to baseline values (χ2 = 346.029, p < 0.001). Recent vespidstings accounted for significantly higher IgE levels despite clinical protection. IgE levels after 5 years of VIT correlatedsignificantly with Mueller grade (F = 2.778, p = 0.012) and age (F = 6.672, p = 0.002). During follow-up from 1 to10 years after VIT discontinuation, 35.2 % of the contacted patients reported at least one field sting without SR.Conclusions: The yellow jacket-VIT temporal stopping criterion of 5 years duration did not result in undetectable IgElevels, despite a long-lasting protection. A mean IgE decrease from 58 to 70 % was observed, and it was less marked inelderly patients or in subjects with higher Mueller grade SR.Keywords: Hymenoptera venom allergy, Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy, Specific IgE levels, VIT long-lastingprotection, VIT discontinuation
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