Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type (Col-0), SA-insensitive mutant npr1-5 (CS3724) [11], and JA-insensitive mutant atmyc2 (SALK_039235) [12] were used. Arabidopsis seeds were sown on rockwool blocks (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm × 3.8 cm) and incubated at 22 °C in an incubator (11.8 Wm−2/16 h/d).