An enterprise needs to place fraud risk at the centre of its ERM framework, due to the
huge potential harm that fraud may cause. According to fraud risk management
theory, the key aspects of effectively managing fraud are fraud prevention, and in case
fraud prevention fails, proper and effective response to fraud needs to be in place.
Accordingly, L/C fraud risk management essentially includes L/C fraud prevention
and response. However, this paper highlighted the aspect of L/C fraud prevention, and
focused on examination of what preventive and proactive measures that parties
involved in L/C transactions can take. Keeping in mind international L/C fraud types
and features, particular measures that can be taken by buyers, sellers and banks have
been worked out and examined. Lawyers, who play a critical role in preventing L/C
fraud, need to cultivate their preventive and proactive mentality and design proper
customer-tailored solutions by cooperating closely with their clients. It is then hoped
that L/C fraud could be prevented through cooperation between relevant parties;
and thus a sound legal and commercial environment would be achieved at a general
level and in particular a healthy L/C market would be maintained and facilitated.