A number of factors can be identified which have limited the sub-sector’s ability to support growth in yields and productivity in recent decades. In the case of livestock and fisheries, the overwhelming problem has been one of lack of resources. Neither possesses an active field extension service, although some livestock extension agents do work in the area of animal health. Research resources for both are also very limited. Even in crops, however, research programmes are, for the most part, commodity based and production oriented. Most projects fail to form building blocks in a programme targeted to reach a well-defined objective. Research and extension programmes normally do not take into account farmers’ needs and constraints, and similar activities are repeated year after year without a clear objective. In part, this occurs because they are usually centrally planned at headquarters. Those who plan do not have the in-depth experience and knowledge of the local agro-ecological and socio-economic conditions, and those who implement in many instances do not understand the technical design of the programmes. The consequence of this approach is a low adoption rate for technical recommendations, even when they are available.
A number of factors can be identified which have limited the sub-sector’s ability to support growth in yields and productivity in recent decades. In the case of livestock and fisheries, the overwhelming problem has been one of lack of resources. Neither possesses an active field extension service, although some livestock extension agents do work in the area of animal health. Research resources for both are also very limited. Even in crops, however, research programmes are, for the most part, commodity based and production oriented. Most projects fail to form building blocks in a programme targeted to reach a well-defined objective. Research and extension programmes normally do not take into account farmers’ needs and constraints, and similar activities are repeated year after year without a clear objective. In part, this occurs because they are usually centrally planned at headquarters. Those who plan do not have the in-depth experience and knowledge of the local agro-ecological and socio-economic conditions, and those who implement in many instances do not understand the technical design of the programmes. The consequence of this approach is a low adoption rate for technical recommendations, even when they are available.
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