Electronic engineering is a useful analogy for demon-strating the construction of a novel biological systemin synthetic biology [2,3]. Many concepts applica-ble to engineering are also relevant in the study ofsynthetic biology, e.g., control theory, complex networkstheory, dynamical systems theory, nonlinear dynamicsand stochastic processes. A biological machine, like anelectrical device, can be viewed as a multilevel system,where the complexity increases with the amount of task(Fig. 2).