Biopreservation is a powerful and natural tool to extend shelf life and to enhance the safety of foods by
applying naturally occurring microorganisms and/or their inherent antibacterial compounds of defined
quality and at certain quantities. In this context, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possess a major potential for
use in biopreservation because most LAB are generally recognized as safe, and they naturally dominate
the microflora of many foods. The antagonistic and inhibitory properties of LAB are due to different
factors such as the competition for nutrients and the production of one or more antimicrobially active
metabolites such as organic acids (prevailingly lactic and acetic acid), hydrogen peroxide, and antimicrobial
peptides (bacteriocins). This review addresses various aspects related to the biological preservation
of seafood and seafood products by LAB and their metabolites.