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TalesForTheYoung
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TAGGED WITH LITTLE DIPPER
More Star Gazing, Constellations, Legends, and Planets
A continuation of last weeks post with more Constellations and Legends as well as some planets that can be seen from the Northern Hemisphere.
The Little Dipper (Ursa Minor)
Check this map to see how to locate Polaris, the North Star, in the Little Dipper. Polaris is the important star in this circumpolar constellation. That means it never sets in the Northern Hemisphere. Polaris also never moves from its spot in the sky. Ursa Minor was first cataloged by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the 2nd century.
Polaris is a yellow-white supergiant.
Greek Myths and Legends
When Zeus, the supreme god of the Olympians, was small, his mother Rhea hid him on the island of Crete to protect him from his father Cronus. Two nymphs raised him. One is Ida, who is represented by the Little Dipper and the other is Adrasteia, represented by the Big Dipper.
If your children should ask why Rhea had too protect Zeus, here is the rest of the story. An old prophecy said that Cronus would be overthrown by one of his children, so he swallowed 5 of his children (Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Hestian and Demeter) When Zeus grew up, he fulfilled the prophecy and freed his siblings. He then became the supreme god.
Another Greek legend says that Arcturs is identified with Arcas, son of Zeus and Callisto. He was raised by his maternal grandfather, King Lycaon. One day, Zeus paid a visit and had a meal with Lycaon. King Lycaon had seized the boy and cut him into pieces and then served him to Zeus for the meal. Lycaon didn’t really believe that Zeus was really Zeus, so this was a test. Lycaon challenged Zeus to turn the pieces back into his son, Arcas. Zeus was ferious and after bringing his son back to life, he changed King Lycaon into a werewolf, (the beginning of Lycanthropy). Arcas became King of Arcadia and was a great hunter, particularly of wolves. Arcus didn’t know that Hera, the wife of Zeus, had turned his mother, Callisto into a bear. He was out hunting when he met up with a bear who was really his mother. Zeus stopped Arcus from killing the bear and placed them both in the heavens. Callisto became Ursa Major (the Great Bear) and Arus became Ursa Minor (the Little Bear).
In an older myth, the seven stars that form the Little Dipper were said to represent the Hesperides, seven daughters of Atlas, who tended to Hera’s orchard (Garden of the Hesperides) where a tree of golden, immortality-giving apples grew.
Other Cultures
Classical Old World mythology is replete with the bear in its role as Ursa Major and Minor. Ancient Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic all contain references to this motif.
A Paiute Legend (Native North American): can be read here.
In Hungarian mythology the constellation is called ‘Little Goncol cart’ (Göncöl szekér) after a legendary shaman. (Ursa Major is ‘Big Goncol cart.’) The shaman’s knowledge knew no limit. He invented the cart: His nation was wandering, so the cart was the biggest gift of the Gods to the country. Legends claim he knew everything about the world. Nobody saw his death; his body simply disappeared among the stars.
Norse Legends
Thor and Freya
Kvennavagn,” means woman’s chariot and is Little Dipper in the Norse language. ”Karlvagn,” means man’s chariot and is the Big dipper. This means that Thor might be the Man and Freya the woman, both traveling by chariots according to the myths. Thor is the god of storms and thunder. Freya is a goddess of love, beauty, fertility, war and death.
For the Greeks: Ursa Minor was the Little Bear of Heaven.
In China: it was seen as a wagon.
In England: it is seen as a plough (plow).
Some Arabs: see it as animals in a field.
Some Native North American Peoples: it is seen as hunters chasing animals.
Navigation
Another important use for constellations was navigation. Many seafaring cultures used the North Star (Polaris) as a guide. Using the height of the North Star in the sky, navigators could figure out their latitude helping ships to travel across the oceans.
Inuit Legends
The Inuit called the North Star, Never Moves. Nuuttuittuq is the North Star Polaris, the star that never moves.
There is a beautiful Native American legend which tells a story of a group of hunters who got lost in the forest. They prayed to the spirits to send them help to find their way home. Suddenly a small girl appeared to the hunters and said she was the spirit of the pole star. She led them home after which, the star. Polaris was known as the star that does not move. When they died the hunters were placed into the sky where they forever follow the pole star.
Bootes
Bootes (pronounced boo-oh-tees) is usually represented as a hunter, herdsman or shepherd.He has been represented in cave paintings depicting successful hunts. Bootes is a Greek word that means, Noisy. Herders shout to the animals they are herding.
The brightest star in this constellation is Arcturus. It is the fourth brightest star seen from earth (outshone only by Sirius, Canopus and Alpha Centauri) It is an orange giant whose end is near. It can be seen in the Northern Hemisphere in the early evening beginning in March. Arcturus is also a Greek word that means, Keeper of the Bear.
Some History:
This constellation is near Ursa Major, so to the Greeks, Bootes was the “Watcher or Guardian”. Homer, in his novel the Odyssey, called Bootes the Bear Driver.
the Arabs called Bootes the Lance Bearer and Keeper of Heaven. It was mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in Job, so is often refereed to as Job’s Star.
Greek Mythology
Bootes was the son of Demeter. She was the goddess of agriculture. He invented the plough to support himself by tilling the soil. In honour of his service to mankind, he was placed in the sky, near Ursa Major, which is sometimes seen as a plough.
Another Greek legend says that Bootes is identified with Arcas, son of Zeus and Callisto. This story is told in the previous section, Little Dipper.
Norse Mythology
Arcturus was called Dagstjarna, Day star. Day star you say? (The Finnish name for Arcturus is “Aurinkontähti”, sunstar) At the latitudes of Scandinavia, especially around the Arctic Circle, the sunrise follows star time during the first months of the year. So an intense star visible before sunrise during late winter and spring will indicate that the sun is coming and be referred to as the day star, Arcturus.
Arcturus is also called Day Star in some parts of Norway today.
Other Cultures
Most cultures associate the star Arcturus with Ursa Major. It follows behind the Dipper, Wagon, Bear, Animals, at a safe distance as if driving or herding, guarding, tending or hunting, depending on which culture.
To the Arabs, Bootes is a shepherd of pastures in the sky
In ancient China, Bootes is a ploughman of celestial fields.
The ancient Egyptians called Bootes, Smat. It means, One who Rules, subdues and governs. He was also called Bau, The Coming One.
Planets
All information in this section on visable Planets is from this website: Earth/Sky
Wow! What a great month for planets! Watch Venus, Mars and Jupiter pop out at nightfall. Jupiter opposition February 6. Venus/Mars conjunction February 21. Mercury and Saturn before dawn.
Bright Jupiter in east at nightfall, then out all night At opposition to the sun on February 6, Jupiter enjoys its month of glory in February 2015. What is opposition? It simply means that Earth passes between Jupiter and the sun on this date, as we do every year. It means Jupiter is opposite the sun in our sky – at its best!
Around the time of opposition, Earth is closest to Jupiter. The distance between our two worlds is least. Jupiter, in turn, shines at its brightest and best in Earth’s nighttime sky – brighter than it will again until June 2019.
Once you see Jupiter over the eastern horizon at dusk or nightfall, it’s unmistakable. This world shines more brilliantly than any star. As evening falls, look for brilliant Venus in the west, then turn around to see Jupiter in the opposite direction: east. Jupiter is always the second-brightest planet after Venus. In February 2015, Venus sets in the west at early evening, leaving the king planet Jupiter to rule the night.
Brilliant Venus in west at nightfall. Venus – brightest of all planets, and third-brightest object in the sky after the sun and moon – climbs out of the glare of evening twilight all through February 2015. It puts on a spectacular show with Mars this month! You won’t want to miss these two worlds as they edge closer on our sky’s dome for the first three weeks of February.
Meanwhile, day by day, Venus will be staying out longer after dark (but still following the sun beneath the horizon by early evening). In early February, this dazzling world sets about two hours after sunset at mid-northern latitudes. The queen planet’s visibility improves throughout February, setting about two and one-half hours after the sun by the month’s end.
Do not miss Venus and Mars on February 19, February 20 and February 21, as the slender waxing crescent moon returns to the evening sky, and moves up past two planets in the western twilight.
Find an unobstructed horizon in the direction of sunset, and bring along binoculars, if you have them, to enhance the view. It’ll be Venus’ and Mars’ closest conjunction on our sky’s dome until October 5, 2017. It’ll be spectacular! Unforgettable. Definitely photogenic, so snag your camera before going outside if you’re so inclined.
Saturn visible in February predawn. The golden planet Saturn rises in the southeast about two and one-half hours after midnight in early February and roughly one-half hour after midnight by the month’s end. Watch for the rather wide waning crescent moon to couple up with Saturn in the predawn hours on February 12 and February 13.
Binoculars don’t reveal Satu
เมนูTalesForTheYoungทำให้อ่านสนุกสำหรับเด็กติดแท็ก ด้วย DIPPER น้อยเพิ่มเติมพร้อมดาว กลุ่มดาว ตำนาน และดาวเคราะห์ความต่อเนื่องของสัปดาห์ล่าสุดเพิ่มเติมน และตำนาน เป็นดาวเคราะห์บางอย่างที่สามารถเห็นได้จากซีกโลกเหนือDipper น้อย (กลุ่มดาวหมีเล็ก)ตรวจสอบแผนผังนี้จะเห็นวิธีการดูดาว ดาวเหนือ ใน Dipper น้อย โพลาริสเป็นดาวสำคัญในกลุ่มดาวนี้ circumpolar นั่นหมายความว่า มันไม่มีชุดในซีกโลกเหนือ โพลาริสยังไม่ย้ายจากจุดบนท้องฟ้า กลุ่มดาวหมีเล็กก่อนถูก cataloged โดยนักดาราศาสตร์กรีกโบราณทอเลมีในศตวรรษ 2โพลาริสเป็นดาวยักษ์ใหญ่มีสีเหลืองขาวตำนานและตำนานกรีกเมื่อซุส พระสุพรีม Olympians เล็ก ลูกเรียซ่อนพระองค์อยู่บนเกาะครีตเพื่อปกป้องเขาจากพ่อ Cronus Nymphs สองยกเขา หนึ่งคือ Ida ที่แสดง โดย Dipper น้อย และอื่น ๆ ที่เป็น Adrasteia แสดง โดยจระเข้ถ้าลูกของคุณควรถามทำไมเรียมีมากเกินไปป้องกันซุส นี่คือส่วนเหลือของเรื่อง มีคำทำนายเก่ากล่าวว่า Cronus จะเป็น overthrown โดยลูก เพื่อให้เขากลืนกิน 5 ลูก (โพไซดอน ฮาเดส เฮร่า Hestian และ Demeter) เมื่อซุสโต เขาปฏิบัติตามคำทำนาย และพี่น้องของเขารอด จากนั้นเขาเป็นพระเจ้าสูงสุดอีกตำนานกรีกกล่าวว่า มีระบุ Arcturs กับ Arcas บุตรของซุสและ Callisto เขาขึ้น โดยเขาก๋ง Lycaon คิง วันหนึ่ง ซุสจ่ายเข้า และมีอาหารกับ Lycaon Lycaon คิงได้ยึดเด็ก และเขาตัดเป็นชิ้น และจากนั้น เสิร์ฟให้เขากับซุสอาหาร Lycaon ไม่ได้จริง ๆ เชื่อว่า ซุสถูกจริง ๆ ซุส เพื่อนี้เป็นการทดสอบ Lycaon ท้าทายซุสหันชิ้นกลับเป็นลูกชายของเขา Arcas ซุสถูก ferious และหลังจากนำบุตรไปชีวิต เขาเปลี่ยน Lycaon กษัตริย์เป็นมนุษย์หมาป่า, (ต้น Lycanthropy) Arcas กลายเป็น คิงอาร์คาเดีย และได้เป็นผู้ล่ามาก โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งของหมาป่า จ้างงานอยู่ไม่ทราบว่า เฮร่า ภรรยาของซุส มีเปิดลูก Callisto เป็นหมี เขาก็ออกมาล่าสัตว์เมื่อเขาได้พบกับหมีที่ถูกแม่ของเขาจริง ๆ ซุสหยุดการจ้างงานอยู่ฆ่าหมี มาวางไว้ทั้งในฟากฟ้า Callisto กลายเป็น กลุ่มดาวหมีใหญ่ (หมีใหญ่) และ Arus กลายเป็น กลุ่มดาวหมีเล็ก (หมีน้อย)ในตำนานเก่า เจ็ดดาวที่ Dipper น้อยได้กล่าวถึง Hesperides, Atlas เจ็ดธิดาที่มีแนวโน้มที่ออร์ชาร์ดของเฮร่า (สวน Hesperides) ซึ่งการเติบโตของต้นไม้ของแอปเปิ้ลทองคำ ให้ความเป็นอมตะวัฒนธรรมอื่น ๆตำนานโลกเก่าคลาสสิกเป็นเซฟหมีในบทบาทของกลุ่มดาวหมีใหญ่ และเล็ก โบราณกรีก ฮิบรู และอาหรับทั้งหมดประกอบด้วยการอ้างอิงถึงแปลนนี้ตำนาน Paiute (พื้นเมืองแถบอเมริกาเหนือ): สามารถอ่านได้ที่นี่ในฮังการีตำนาน กลุ่มดาวที่เรียกว่า 'รถเข็น Goncol น้อย' (Göncöl szekér) หลังจากหมอตำนาน (กลุ่มดาวหมีใหญ่เป็น 'รถเข็นบิ๊ก Goncol') ความรู้ของหมอรู้ไม่จำกัด เขาคิดค้นรถเข็น: ประเทศของเขามีหลง เพื่อโชว์เป็นของขวัญที่ใหญ่ที่สุดของพระเจ้าเพื่อประเทศ ตำนานอ้างว่า เขารู้ทุกอย่างเกี่ยวกับโลก ไม่มีใครเห็นตาย ร่างกายของเขาก็หายไปในหมู่ดาวตำนานนอร์สธอร์และอย่างไร FreyaKvennavagn หมายถึง ราชรถผู้หญิง และน้อย Dipper เป็นภาษานอร์ส "Karlvagn หมายถึง คนของราชรถ และมี dipper ใหญ่ ซึ่งหมายความ ว่า อาจจะธอร์คนและอย่างไร Freya ผู้หญิง ทั้งสองเดินทาง โดยม้าตามตำนาน ธอร์เป็นเทพเจ้าแห่งพายุและฟ้าร้อง อย่างไร Freya เป็นเจ้าของความรัก ความงาม อุดมสมบูรณ์ สงคราม และความตายในกรีก: กลุ่มดาวหมีเล็กหมีน้อยสวรรค์ไม่ในประเทศจีน: มันถูกมองว่าเป็นแหล่งในอังกฤษ: มันเห็นเป็นไถ (คันไถ)อาหรับบาง: เห็นมันเป็นสัตว์ในเขตบางคนอเมริกาเหนือพื้นเมือง: มันเห็นเป็นนายพรานไล่สัตว์นำทางกลุ่มดาวอื่นสำคัญใช้นำทางได้ หลายวัฒนธรรมชาวใช้ดาวเหนือ (ดาว) เป็นแนว ใช้ความสูงของดาวเหนือบนท้องฟ้า อันนี้ทำให้สามารถคิดออกละติจูดความช่วยเหลือเรือที่จะเดินทางข้ามมหาสมุทรตำนาน InuitInuit เรียกว่าดาวเหนือ ไม่ย้าย Nuuttuittuq ดาวเหนือดาว ดาวที่ย้ายไม่ได้There is a beautiful Native American legend which tells a story of a group of hunters who got lost in the forest. They prayed to the spirits to send them help to find their way home. Suddenly a small girl appeared to the hunters and said she was the spirit of the pole star. She led them home after which, the star. Polaris was known as the star that does not move. When they died the hunters were placed into the sky where they forever follow the pole star.BootesBootes (pronounced boo-oh-tees) is usually represented as a hunter, herdsman or shepherd.He has been represented in cave paintings depicting successful hunts. Bootes is a Greek word that means, Noisy. Herders shout to the animals they are herding.The brightest star in this constellation is Arcturus. It is the fourth brightest star seen from earth (outshone only by Sirius, Canopus and Alpha Centauri) It is an orange giant whose end is near. It can be seen in the Northern Hemisphere in the early evening beginning in March. Arcturus is also a Greek word that means, Keeper of the Bear.Some History:This constellation is near Ursa Major, so to the Greeks, Bootes was the “Watcher or Guardian”. Homer, in his novel the Odyssey, called Bootes the Bear Driver.the Arabs called Bootes the Lance Bearer and Keeper of Heaven. It was mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in Job, so is often refereed to as Job’s Star.Greek MythologyBootes was the son of Demeter. She was the goddess of agriculture. He invented the plough to support himself by tilling the soil. In honour of his service to mankind, he was placed in the sky, near Ursa Major, which is sometimes seen as a plough.Another Greek legend says that Bootes is identified with Arcas, son of Zeus and Callisto. This story is told in the previous section, Little Dipper.Norse MythologyArcturus was called Dagstjarna, Day star. Day star you say? (The Finnish name for Arcturus is “Aurinkontähti”, sunstar) At the latitudes of Scandinavia, especially around the Arctic Circle, the sunrise follows star time during the first months of the year. So an intense star visible before sunrise during late winter and spring will indicate that the sun is coming and be referred to as the day star, Arcturus.Arcturus is also called Day Star in some parts of Norway today.Other CulturesMost cultures associate the star Arcturus with Ursa Major. It follows behind the Dipper, Wagon, Bear, Animals, at a safe distance as if driving or herding, guarding, tending or hunting, depending on which culture.To the Arabs, Bootes is a shepherd of pastures in the skyIn ancient China, Bootes is a ploughman of celestial fields.The ancient Egyptians called Bootes, Smat. It means, One who Rules, subdues and governs. He was also called Bau, The Coming One.PlanetsAll information in this section on visable Planets is from this website: Earth/SkyWow! What a great month for planets! Watch Venus, Mars and Jupiter pop out at nightfall. Jupiter opposition February 6. Venus/Mars conjunction February 21. Mercury and Saturn before dawn.Bright Jupiter in east at nightfall, then out all night At opposition to the sun on February 6, Jupiter enjoys its month of glory in February 2015. What is opposition? It simply means that Earth passes between Jupiter and the sun on this date, as we do every year. It means Jupiter is opposite the sun in our sky – at its best!Around the time of opposition, Earth is closest to Jupiter. The distance between our two worlds is least. Jupiter, in turn, shines at its brightest and best in Earth’s nighttime sky – brighter than it will again until June 2019.Once you see Jupiter over the eastern horizon at dusk or nightfall, it’s unmistakable. This world shines more brilliantly than any star. As evening falls, look for brilliant Venus in the west, then turn around to see Jupiter in the opposite direction: east. Jupiter is always the second-brightest planet after Venus. In February 2015, Venus sets in the west at early evening, leaving the king planet Jupiter to rule the night.Brilliant Venus in west at nightfall. Venus – brightest of all planets, and third-brightest object in the sky after the sun and moon – climbs out of the glare of evening twilight all through February 2015. It puts on a spectacular show with Mars this month! You won’t want to miss these two worlds as they edge closer on our sky’s dome for the first three weeks of February.Meanwhile, day by day, Venus will be staying out longer after dark (but still following the sun beneath the horizon by early evening). In early February, this dazzling world sets about two hours after sunset at mid-northern latitudes. The queen planet’s visibility improves throughout February, setting about two and one-half hours after the sun by the month’s end.Do not miss Venus and Mars on February 19, February 20 and February 21, as the slender waxing crescent moon returns to the evening sky, and moves up past two planets in the western twilight.Find an unobstructed horizon in the direction of sunset, and bring along binoculars, if you have them, to enhance the view. It’ll be Venus’ and Mars’ closest conjunction on our sky’s dome until October 5, 2017. It’ll be spectacular! Unforgettable. Definitely photogenic, so snag your camera before going outside if you’re so inclined.Saturn visible in February predawn. The golden planet Saturn rises in the southeast about two and one-half hours after midnight in early February and roughly one-half hour after midnight by the month’s end. Watch for the rather wide waning crescent moon to couple up with Saturn in the predawn hours on February 12 and February 13.Binoculars don’t reveal Satu
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