If more stringent requirements have to be met, biological treatment can
be combined with tertiary treatment such as ozonation or membrane filtration.
It has been shown that combined treatment schemes may have a high
potential for treatment of recalcitrant wastewaters like the effluents from
pulp and paper, chemical, textile, food and dye industry, landfill leachates,
etc. During last years, special attention was paid to the recycling combinations
of biological treatment and chemical oxidation [911].
In this work the main attention has been paid to the questions of treatment
and use of only semicoking water without any additional effluents.
Formation of this process water cannot be avoided, whilst the presence and
amount of other effluents depend on the organization of production on the
certain territory as well as on possible co-operation between the companies.